Why are Military Takeovers so Frequent in Postcolonial...

For many years, the African continent has been a center for political unrest. Much of that political unrest is blamed on the extended period of European colonization that the continent was forced to endure. Because of ethnic differences, natural resources, and ineffective governments, Africa has been subject to many military takeovers in the postcolonial period. Military takeovers are not unique to Africa. Like of many similar countries, the developing countries in Africa are naturally more susceptible to coup d’à ©tats than their developed counterparts. The perfect storm of economic and social inequities, coupled with the inability to provide for the basic necessities of its citizens often results in a regime change through any means†¦show more content†¦Because of the level of corruption of many African governments, the head of government often benefits greatly from these resources while the country’s citizens do not. Lastly, distrust, corruption, and inefficiency in the government of many African nations coupled with the great deal of respect many African nations hold for the military also explains the frequency of military takeovers. Many times in democratic African nations there is a lack of political pluralism, meaning that one particular party dominates that political scene and, for the most part, can enact its platform. This lack of diversity in politics does not mesh with the vast cultural pluralism experienced by many African nations. Eventually, when the groups not adequately represented in government are discontent enough, the military may intervene and force a change of regime. Ironically, Africa also experiences excess political pluralism. Because of the many difference ethnic groups represented inside of countries, political parties tend to reflect these ethnic groups. If there are too many groups represented in government, all of which are uncompromising, there will be a stalemate in government and the citizen will again be discontent. This too creates an ineffective government, which may cause a military takeover to spawn. There are factors unrelated to colonialism that increase the likelihood of a militaryShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesHistory and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed:

The Contributions Of John Stuart Mill - 1250 Words

John Stuart Mill was a British philosopher who was born on May 20, 1806 in London, England, to Harriet Burrow and James Mill, a noted economist, philosopher and historian. James Mill was an educated man who was heavily involved in an early 19th century movement called philosophic radicalism, a school of thought also known as Utilitarianism, which highlighted the demand for a scientific foundation for philosophy, as well as a humanist approach to economics politics. It was this foundation from which James Mill urged and advanced his eldest son s education from a very early age. John Stuart studied Greek at age three and Latin at eight, and he was asked to recite everything he had learned to his father every day. John Stuart also studied mathematics and science for his personal enjoyment and would engage in long discussions with his father about histories and biographies that he had read. It is interesting to note that John Stuart was also empowered with the responsible for educa ting his eight younger siblings. His childhood comprised of a strict environment of learning, teachings and tutoring, however, John Stuart felt that he was emotionally compromised by his father’s educational plan. Although John Stuart never actually attended university, by the age of twenty, he essentially had a postgraduate self-education in logic, political economy and law. As an adult, John Stuart once stated that, out of all of his studies, teachings and education, the element that heShow MoreRelatedJohn Forbes Nash Jr.912 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Forbes Nash Jr. and John Stuart Mill were both very important economist. John Forbes Nash Jr. was an American mathematician, and an economist. John Mill was a British Philosopher, economist, moral and political theorist, and was the most influential English-speaking philosopher in the nineteenth century. John Forbes Nash Jr. and John Stuart Mill were both very intelligent as young children. John Stuart Mill learned to read a s a toddler and began to study Latin at the age of three. John ForbesRead MoreUtilitarian Perspective On Feminism1563 Words   |  7 PagesA Utilitarian Perspective on Women’s Rights John Stuart Mill’s discussion of the subjection of women leaves many scholars regarding him as one of the first feminist philosophers of his time. His work analyzes and questions the everyday perspectives on women’s rights, and challenges common societal notions. Many philosophers today look to his work for a variety of reasons; some applaud his work for being ahead of it’s time. Others dismiss it, claiming that it’s flawed due to personal attachment.Read MoreAlfred Marshall And His Contributions839 Words   |  4 Pagesinstitution, he received a fellowship at the university. His interests towards metaphysics led him to study ethics which also sparked his interest towards economics. Although he is known for his multiple theories towards economics, his most significant contribution was Principle of Economics which he finished in 1890. Alfred Marshall had spent almost a decade on the Principle of Economics. Marshall had planned to extend the work to two volumes however the second volume, which focused on topics such as foreignRead MoreAccording to Mills, government should not be attempting to control individual freedoms, but should1100 Words   |  5 Pages According to Mills, government should not be attempting to control individual freedoms, but should be helping individuals develop in society. A society is only as great as the people who are in it. How a person develops should be up to them, but a government should support that development. Ensuring a free flow of factual information and opportunities for open discussion are ways a government can help. Again, he uses history as his support. He says that the history of mankind is a history of intellectualRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill s Definition Of Quality975 Words   |  4 Pages John Stuart Mill’s definition of quality can be broken-down distinctively into four separate definitions. When evaluating pleasures, J. S. Mill alleged the quality of particular pleasures is determined by how much pleasure the person obtains from the pleasure, in addition to, how just the pleasure is beneficially to society. Moreover, Mill argued against â€Å"†¦Bentham’s purely quantitative view of pleasure. Without denying that quantity is a consideration in the calculation of pleasure, Mill believedRead More Comparing John Stuart Mills The Subjection of Women and Florence Nightingales Cassandra1022 Words   |  5 PagesComparing John Stuart Mills The Subjection of Women and Florence Nightingales Cassandra For thousands of years, women have struggled under the domination of men. 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Recruitment Program Free Essays

Sample generic health care provider recruitment plan It is imperative to have an all-encompassing recruitment policy for your organization. Sample recruitment policy: To develop a long-range recruitment plan; organize a recruiting schedule based upon the historical supply and demand for each major healthcare discipline; and implement the plan within the organization. A goal should be developed for each discipline (dentist, ancillary, hygienist, assistant). We will write a custom essay sample on Recruitment Program or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sample goal: To recruit (number) dentists this year based on resignations, terminations, attrition or growth. Strategies, structure, and ongoing activities are important to the process. Sample strategies: To concentrate our efforts on health care professionals who are completing training programs, government obligations or military service. To anticipate the competition by contacting prospects early. To have a continuous, year-round schedule. Sample structure: The official recruiting cycle for program) will commence (Name of teaching institution/ (Month and date) of each calendar year. All recruiting efforts within the institution will be coordinated through the human resources/personnel department/coordinator or his or her designed. The organization’s recruitment committee will review the recruiting objectives no later than February 1 of each year. Sample of ongoing activities: Complete follow-up action with healthcare professionals who have interviewed. Schedule site visits for healthcare professionals from previous recruiting efforts. Obtain legal contracts for healthcare professionals who will commence practice. Recruitment committee will meet at least quarterly to review plan of action and develop strategies for implementation. Attend as many in-state health professional recruitment fairs as possible. Sample annual recruitment plan Quarterly Activities JANUARY – MARCH Survey active medical staff to determine: Provider needs/practices needing assistance Need for new practices in the community. Mail second recruitment letters to practicing dentists (first letter sent in October). Compile statistics from January medical staff survey. Prepare for initial provider/practice assessments. Complete follow-up action on providers who have completed site visits in December and January. Establish funding limits for calendar year from finance department. Prepare opportunity descriptions. Update printed recruitment materials. Identify residency programs and contact program directors/advisors. Identify recruitment conferences and exhibit possibilities. Meet with the provider recruitment committee to explain this year’s campaign and their involvement (for example, interviews). Fine-tune the campaign with their input. Conduct initial provider/practice assessments to clarify provider recruitment needs in response to January medical staff survey. Mail second recruitment letter to next year’s graduating students/professionals (first letter mailed in October). APRIL – JUNE Begin preparation for dental school marketing seminar (seminar about how to market practices and what to expect in recruiting). Meet with administrator to establish recruitment priorities. Send third recruitment letter to next year’s graduating dental students. Semi-annual dental/provider manpower recruitment committee meeting. Assist newly recruited providers by facilitating their arrival and transition. JULY – SEPTEMBER Register a search with the DANNA and other placement services. Contact dentists in government service (National Health/Lillian Health Service Corps). Write other healthcare administrators in the region regarding a search for a healthcare provider for the community. Contact state licenser board for names of provider licensees and send letters to. Inform pharmaceutical and medical supply vendors of provider searches. Contact military installations in region for names of providers leaving service and ask about opportunities to communicate with them. Contact medical specialty associations to obtain information on meetings, publications and placement services. Identify provider recruitment opportunity fairs for the coming year. Dental school opportunity fair. Request dental school alumni affairs office to publicize opportunities. Post employment opportunities/vacancies with state health department, dental training programs and state primary-care associations. Obtain available provider computer lists for mailing to next year’s graduating students. Visit dental training programs. Contact military dentists younger than 45 years. Send fourth recruiting letter to graduating students (in final year). Conduct consumer research to further identify need for dental providers. Write and place national urinal ads for November and December to target practicing dentists. OCTOBER – DECEMBER Continue dental provider training program visits. Meet with administrator to establish recruiting priorities for the coming calendar year and prepare for next month’s provider recruitment committee meeting. Send letter of introduction to next year’s graduating dental students (second letter to be sent in March). Contact academic dentists younger than 45 years. Mail letter to practicing dentists (second letter to be sent in January). Semi-annual provider recruitment committee meeting. Prepare medical staff survey to identify provider manpower needs and issues. Attachment 1 Graphic Summary of the Recruitment Process 1 . Preparation for recruitment 2. Prospects 3. Suspects 4. Applicants 5. Candidates 6. Finalists 7. Hired Develop health professional plan Identify new candidate Provide description of opportunity (sees) Provider sends C.V. In-depth phone interview Complete interviewing process Regular communication before start date Prepare practice assessment Targeted direct mail Determine interest/needs of providers C.V. screened according to criteria Prepare for site visit Finalize contract negotiations Professional orientation Determine role of current professional staff Display at professional assemblies Follow-up with requested information Candidate tracking referral system Provide examination copy of contract Hospital privileges Determine salary and benefits Advertise Personal follow-up with candidate Develop in-house recruitment system Marketing introduction to professional sites Candidate tracking and referral system Develop promotional materials Direct contacts (cold calls) Reference credential check Draft specimen contract Determine selection criteria How to cite Recruitment Program, Papers

Integrated Marketing Plan of ALDI

Question: Discuss about the Integrated Marketing Plan of ALDI. Answer: Introduction Marketing refers to presenting the product features to the target market to influence them to make a purchase (Vargas, 2013, p.2-10). It is, however, a critical element that has received a new focus by most institutions around the globe. And the primary contributing factors for the application of sophisticated channels includes the development in the field of technology, changes in customers preferences and tastes and further the increasing level of rivalry among firms in the industry. Marketing indeed is an aspect that needs more focus than ever. Simply, the report has analyzed various aspects regarding marketing strategies used by Aldi stores in Australia. The most important area that was explicitly covered in the report is the marketing approaches that were applied by the company dating 50 years back after the establishment. It also focused on the current and suggested future marketing options that can lead Aldi Australia into success and expand its operations across the borders. In doing this, the paper has begun with a summary that has given an overview of the main ideas discussed, followed by the introduction, company background, marketing analysis, conclusion and recommendations respectively. Background of the company Aldi Australia is an organization that has operated in the grocery industry for long and has recorded significant success (Pash, 2016). The company was established in Australia since 2001, and from that period, so many changes have been occurred. It has more than 400 stores with a workforce of about 9,000 employees deployed to work in the various stores (Chung, 2015). This company is however known for the sale of quality products at a relatively low price. It has faced stiff competition from other players in the grocery industry like the Woolworth and Coles (Chung, 2015). Aldi have survived with the application of low pricing strategy. The current rating reveals that Aldi has succeeded to meet customers needs, especially the low and middle-income earners. This advantage has resulted in a positive market response, where an average of 6 million people's shop in the stores within one month. Marketing analysis This part involves a research that primarily aimed at identifying Aldi marketing approaches since it began. However, the understanding of the internal and external business environment is fundamental to the development of sound and efficient operational strategies (IBIS world, 2016). Such plans significantly help in overcoming the stiff competition on the market. Some of the appropriate analytical tools applied to establish the facilitators and hindrances of the business include the SWOT analysis, PESTLE analysis and Porters five forces (James, et al. 2011, p. 212-220). A clear understanding of the metrics constituted in these environmental analysis tools will enhance the establishment of appropriate marketing strategies. Apparently, these are just part of the tools Aldi has relied on as well as determined staff to come up with effective marketing strategies that have resulted in the success. It is noted that Aldi provides its products at a discount rate of about 25% and has further diversified to offer a range of non-grocery product (IBIS world, 2016). This strategy is part of a measure to keep off new players who enter the market since taking such pricing strategies might result in losses. The marketing strategies employed since it began As earlier noted, Aldi has significantly relied on the marketing research and environmental assessments to establishing solid marketing strategies that have seen it expand and grow. Currently, the company more than 7,000 stores across the world. It thus implies that the marketing strategies enacted have been fruitful. Based on Australia economy, the changing consumer needs, technological developments, government regulations, the level of competition, and others forced Aldi to apply the following marketing strategies as discussed below (Zarkada Fraser, 2002, p. 282-299). Marketing mix strategy: Here, Aldi has been employing product, price, place, promotion and positioning strategies. Notably, these elements have been the critical approaches that have culminated to the achievements seen today. To start with, the company has limited product brand of high quality at the lowest price. The low pricing strategy was a well-planned measure that was customer centric (Lamb, et al. 2012, p. 125-300). Because a large population of Australia is characterized by high sensitivity to price changes, the strategy of offering the goods at relatively low prices has been a disadvantage to others. Also, the establishment of more stores in the entire parts of Australia enhanced the reach of the products to more customers. Still, on the pricing strategies, Aldi have been applying different modes just to ensure the targeted market is achieved (Jimenez, 2004). Advertising: Aldi has also significantly invested in advertising initiatives that have resulted to the information reach to the target market. And here, the Radio, Television were immensely used. To be specific, the company has jointly used social and electronic sources of media to ensure that sales and marketing objective is achieved. The combinations of both these forms enhanced integrated marketing communication in that a system that fails to generate the desired impression is boosted by the other (Vargas, 2013, p. 2-10). The grabbing message in both the advertisement focused on the prices, availability and the quality of the products. As a result, price sensitive customers who purchased a product from the store vowed to come back and hence customer loyalty (Thomas, 2011, p. 141). Also, Aldi uses the social media and the internet to inform the customers about the products. Currently, social media has been immensely used by the organization to reach the youthful population. With the technological developments, most organizations have incorporated it in the operational processes and gone further to automate most of the transactions. Similarly, the marketers currently use the internet, Face book, Skype, Twitter, and more to present the product features to customers. Aldi is among such institutions that have not lagged behind in technological advancements. Its products are also marketed through these channels to ensure consumers timely access the information. Publicity and public relation: Publicity and public relations have also played a critical role in promoting the products and services of Aldi. A healthy connection with the customer, generally the society positively popularized the company. Also, the coverage on the social media played an equal role in presenting the companys products to the customers. For instance, an interview held by The Grocer and The Financial Times exposed the company to various clients. It, therefore, created a positive endorsement for the products of the enterprise. The most important part to note about these marketing strategies is that their efficiency emanates from a keener analysis of the SWOT, PESTLE and the Porters five forces. This assessment considerably resulted in a proper balance of forces behind these tools and aligned the plans with the organizational abilities and goals (Fred, R. 2009, p. 5-57). . The SWOT analysis should be used to assess the unutilized opportunities by Aldi. The understanding of the available opportunities can help Aldi develop sophisticated marketing strategies and further modify the products to suit customers needs (Miller, et al. 2002, pp. 40-43). Still, from the SWOT, Aldi can identify its strengths and work to perfect on them and lead the organization towards a right course. On the other hand, the Porters five forces will be instrumental in examining the external environment. It is from this examination that an appropriate marketing mix and sales promotion mix will be adopted to overcome the stiff competition on the market (Grant, et al. 2014). Strategic marketing options for moving forward Currently, Aldi is still performing well. However, the ever-changing technology imperatively demands adoption of management, operational and marketing change (Roberts, 2004). The embrasure of technology and incorporation into business process helps to solve just a fraction of the challenges facing the most organization. It substantially addresses internal environmental requirement, but the external ones still require more assessment and planning on effective ways of liquefying the adverse effects on the organization's success (Charles Kareth, 2008, P. 142-311). It is from this assertion that the report proposes some changes on the marketing strategies currently used by Aldi. Aldi however, has to come up with the following marketing recommendations: Aldi should first use more of the Advertising. It is apparent that the company has combined several forms of marketing. Because most of the target market for Aldi is the families, these people can mostly be reached through the radio and television. And it can be managed through booking for the message to be aired during a popular Television or Radio program. This strategy will consequently attract new customers (Vargas, 2013, p. 2-10). Secondly, Aldi should also embrace personal selling. This strategy is where talented marketers are hired to move on the ground and meet with customers. With the products provided by Aldi, these marketers will be obligated to offer some demonstration regarding the use of the product. The strategy can, however, be successful if some products can be offered as free samples for the customers to taste the quality. Managing this strategy is possible through hiring experienced and talented individuals to lead the process. Thirdly, Aldi should regularly offer a discount to its customers. Being a cost leadership company demands more regular changes that are meant to benefit customers. Because of its ability to influence suppliers to supply products at a lower price, it should also negotiate for other deals like discounts offering. Such discounts should be directly passed to the customers. This strategy can be successful through establishing a good relationship with the manufacturers as well as the customers. Lastly, Aldi should embrace social marketing. It can be through committing itself to supporting programs that are intended to benefit the society. Also, it should identify with supporting the needy and donate to the non-governmental organizations established to promote the society. Moreover, it should establish a healthy relationship with the stakeholders. By doing all these activities, Aldi will create a good reputation and will consequently benefit from the goodwill generated by increased customer base. Conclusions In conclusion, the business understanding of the intimate and outer surrounding can enhance the establishment of appropriate sales and marketing strategies. Marketing is fundamental to any business organization because of the numerous contributions it has made to most companies. And the use of pricing strategies, have assisted Aldi to gain substantial market share in Australia. For example, the company offers grocery products at 25% lower than the competitors. Indeed, these are high-quality products, at a low price. So far, pricing has been one of the best marketing strategies that Aldi have used for long necessitating for the use of other modern marketing approaches to caution against the entrance of new player who might apply them and pose a significant challenge. Indeed, the current methods are still approaches, but the dynamism in the market just requires a performing company always to remain at the top in introducing changes to propel the company towards success. References Charles, W.L. Kareth, R.J. (2008). Strategic Management: An Integrated Approach. Cengage Learning, P.142-311 Chung, F (2015). The Supermarket switch is on as Aldi takes top award in customer satisfaction. Retrieved on 18th Jan, 2017, from: https://www.news.com.au/finance/business/retail/the-supermarket-switch-is-on-as-aldi-takes-top-award-in-customer-satisfaction/news-story/3ce35413bb26d01118190010c9cb0916. Fred, R. (2009). Strategic Management: Concept and cases. 13th edition .Prentice hall: Pearson, p. 5-57 Grant, et al. (2014) Contemporary strategic management: an Australasian perspective, 2nd ed. John Wiley Sons Australia, Ltd., Milton, Queensland. ISBN 978-1-118-36255-6 Retrieved on 18th Jan, 2017, from: https://au.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-... IBIS world, (2016). Supermarkets and Grocery Stores in Australia: Market Research Report. Accessed online on 18th Jan, 2017, from https://www.ibisworld.com.au/industry/default.aspx?indid=1834 Jimenez, K. (2004) ALDI Hits State with Price War Promise. The Australian, June 23. Miller, D, Eisenstat, R Foote, N. (2002) Strategy from the Inside Out: Building Capability-creating Organizations', California Management Review, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 40-43. James, C., Paul, T., Debra, Paul, S. (2011). Business analysis techniques: 72 essential tools for success: British Informatics Society, 10(3), 212-220 Lamb, C., Joseph, F., Hair, J.R., Carl, M. (2012).Essentials of Marketing(7th ed.) Mason, OH: South-Western, Cengage Learning. pp.125300. Mitchell, S. (2004). Aldi Tops $1bn Mark: Australian Financial Review, June 25. Pash, C. (2016). Aldi opens its battle with Coles and Woolworths in South Australia. Business Insider Australia 3 February 2016. Accessed online on 18th Jan, 2017, from https://www.businessinsider.com.au/aldi-opens-its-battle-with-coles-and-woolworths-in-south-australia-2016-2 Roberts, J. (2004).The Modern Firm: organizational design for performance and growth, New York: Oxford University Press Thomas, R. (2011).Diversity in European Marketing: Text and Cases. Springer Science Business Media, p.141. Zarkada-Fraser, A Fraser, C. (2002)Store Patronage Prediction for Foreign-owned Supermarkets.International Journal of Retail Distribution Management, vol. 30, no. 6/7, pp. 282-299. Vargas, R.D. (2013). Integrated Marketing Communications: An Effective, Comprehensive Approach, Business Ventures. 5(5), pp. 2-10